Thermocouple & Resistance Temperature Detector (RTDs) Comparrison



Advantages & Disadvantages of RTD & Thermocouples


Advantages of Thermocouples Inexpensive
No resistance Lead wire Problems
Fastest Response
Simple and Rugged
High Temperature Operation
Tip (end) Temperature Sensing
Disadvantages of Thermocouples
Least Sensitive
Non-linear
Low Voltage
Least Stable, Repeatable
Advantages of Resistance Temperature
Detectors
Linear over wide operating range
Wide temperature operating range
Interchangeability over wide range
Good stability at high temperature
Disadvantages of Resistance
Temperature Detectors
Low sensitivity
Higher cost than thermocouples
No point sensing
Affected by shock and vibration
Requires three or four-wire operation

Summary – Resistance Temperature Detector or
Thermocouple

Both thermocouples and RTD’s are useful sensors for determining process temperature. RTD’s provide higher accuracy than thermocouples in their temperature range because platinum is a more stable material than are most thermocouple materials. RTD’s also use standard instrumentation wire to connect to the measurement or control equipment. Thermocouples are generally less expensive than RTD’s, they are more durable in high vibration or mechanical shock applications and are usable to higher temperatures. Thermocouples can be made smaller in size than most RTD’s so they can be formed to fit a particular application.One to one Assessment

Parameter/Criteria
Thermocouple
RTD
Typical Measurement Range -267 0C To +2316 0C -240 0C To +649 0C
Interchangeability Good Excellent
Long-term Stability Poor to Fair Excellent
Accuracy Medium High
Repeatability Poor to Fair Excellent
Sensitivity (Output) Low Good
Response Medium to Fast Good
Linearity Fair Good
Self Heating No Low
Tip (end) Sensitivity Excellent Fair
Lead Effect High Medium
Size/Packaging Small to Large Medium to Small

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